Thursday, September 30, 2010

Celestial Sphere Lab

Star Motion from Different Points of View

1. March 20ish
2. September 20ish
3. 20-25% in June
3. They move to the left, same stars, mostly, rotating the field of vision.
4. Moving to the left, but the sky shifts a lot more, different stars. During the year, one would expect to be able to see all of the stars (viewable from the Earth) at some point from the equator, or at least close to that amount.
5. Sept 25th ish
6. December 20th ish
7. 67 degrees
8. They move to the left, in an arc, more than the north pole but less than the equator (smaller arc of movement).
9. The closer you get to a pole, the less field of vision you have- at the equator, you see more stars in a smoother, broader motion.

Reflection: I drew a sphere on my paper to help myself visualize it- when a ball rotates, the center of rotation is narrowed at the north and south "poles" of the sphere, where the middle is a much broader kind of rotation, even though the entire sphere is "rotating" at the same speed. So, as a result, the north and south poles get a smaller field of vision compared to the middle of the sphere.

Stars and Constellations

10. RA: 18.5 hours, Dec: 40 degrees
11. Betelgeuse
12. Orion
13. Castor
14. Antares
15. RA: 12 hrs, Dec: -3 degrees
16. Canis Major- 6.8 hours, -18 degrees
17. 17.7 hrs, -30 degrees
18. the outer edge (as opposed to the middle of the galaxy)
19. Crab Nebula
20. a) Indus b) Aquarius c) Andromeda d) Piscis Austrinus e) Grus
21. Saggitarius
22. Virgo
23. Cancer
24. The sun is blocking out the astrological constellation in that specific time frame.
25. The numerical value increases.
26. Polaris
27. 1.6-2.5 magnitude
28. Apprx. 7 stars
29. Dubhe
30. Alpha
31. Merak
32. Variable star
33. it is a cluster of stars (listed as "Multiple Stars" in the key)
34. 55 degrees
35. Ursa Major
36. The two brightest - Merak and Dubhe. It's not on the ecliptic.
37. 28 degrees
38. It looks like the letter "C".
39. Zero hours, maybe 5 minutes or so.

Observer Based Coordinate System

40. Done
41. Alt: 45, Azi: 75
42. Alt: 30, Azi: 43
43. Alt: 55, Azi: 85
44. Sept 30
45. August 25
46. June 5
47. Jan 10
48. May 20
49. April 5
50. 5 degrees
51. October 17
52. 7 degrees
53. September 22 - lowest, March 21 - highest - The autumnal and vernal equinoxes, respectively.
54.

WINTER SOLSTICE: Dec. 21 | 18hrs, -25 degrees | 8:30 am, 135 degrees SUNRISE | 5:30 pm, 240 degrees SUNSET | 45 degrees at noon | 9 hours out of 24 (9/24)

SUMMER SOLSTICE: June 21 | 6 hrs, 25 degrees | 5am, 100 degrees SUNRISE | 10pm, 260 degrees SUNSET | 85 degrees at noon | 17 hours out of 24 (17/24)

AUTUMNAL EQUINOX: Sept 21 | 12 hrs, 0 degrees | 6am, 90 degrees SUNRISE | 6pm, 270 degrees SUNSET | 12 hours out of 24 (1/2)

Predictions: March 21, 0 hours, 0 degrees, rises at 6am, sets at 6pm, same as Autumnal equinox, just on the other side of the sphere.

We have seasons because of the amount of light per day vs. the tilt of the earth and what angle the rays hit the earth at- although parts of Alaska might get 16 hours of sunlight, the temperatures are still very low compared to a place on the equator with 16 hours of sunlight.

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